È«¼®ÈÄÀÇ ¡º½ÅÆí»ý¸®±³°ú¼¡»(1906) ¹ø¿ª°ú ±× Àǹ̷Î
Hong Seok-hoo¡¯s Translation of ¡°New Edition of Physiology Textbook¡±(1906) and its Meanings
ÀúÀÚ¸í Authors
¹ÚÁØÇü*, ¹ÚÇü¿ì**
PARK Jun-hyoung*, PARK Hyoung-woo**
¾ð¾î Language
Korean
±â°ü Affiliations
*Dong-Eun Medical Museum, College of Medicine, Yonsei Univ. Seoul, KOREA,
**Department of Anatomy & Dong-Eun Medical Museum, College of Medicine, Yonsei Univ. Seoul, KOREA. hwoopark@yuhs.ac
ÃÊ·Ï Abstract
Hong Seok-hoo, who took charge of Jejungwon (ðñëêÂ), was successful
in translating Jiro Tsuboi¡¯s book titled ¡°ãæøºßæ×âÎçΡßö (1897)¡± and
publishing it with a title of ¡°New Edition of Physiology Textbook(½ÅÆí»ý¸®
±³°ú¼)¡± in 1906. Jiro Tsuboi, the original author of that book, was a doctor
having majored in Hygienics in Germany and was also known to have
done pioneering work in Hygienics and Occupational and Environmental
Medicine in Japan. At that time, he wrote that book for the purpose of
teaching his students at Ordinary Middle School(ãüßÈñéùÊÎè) and Normal
School(ãüßÈÞÔÛôùÊÎè). Therefore, it was not intended as a Physiology
textbook for medical students, but an introductory book explaining
Physiology with a wide range of subjects including hygienic matters in a
broader sense.
Hong Seok-hoo made an almost complete translation of the ¡°New Edition
of Physiology Textbook.¡± While editing the book, however, he changed
some of the most Japanese-style contents to meet the Korean conditions
then, and made up for some insufficient contents with reference to the
original author¡¯s other books. Although it was not included in an original
version of that book, he also compiled a physiology dictionary in order to
help Korean readers acquire medical terms in a more systematic way.
Just like other textbooks of Jejungwon, the ¡°New Edition of Physiology
Textbook¡± was also put into Korean only. Hong Seok-hoo accepted
Japanese-style medical terms, but also changed some of them or coined
new words, considering the Korean circumstances then. He seemed to do
so in an effort to introduce Western medicine in a more independent way
while overcoming his limitations of translation. In particular, this book
criticized that a long-term use of cosmetics might cause a serious lead
poisoning from a Christian viewpoint, saying that a God-created human
body should be kept intact as it is. In addition, in the course of reediting
premodern books, the term ¡°Lord¡± was changed into ¡°God,¡± which is
considered a kind of fusion between traditional values and missionary
medicine. While translating books, Jejungwon could put such fusion into
practice because it was a hospital established under the banner of the
propagation of Christianity.
Besides the ¡°New Edition of Physiology Textbook,¡± at least five
physiology textbooks were also translated into Korean in the last years
of Daehan Empire for the purpose of teaching students modern subjects
like Physiology, Health and Hygienics in educational institutions including
Boseong School, Hwimun School and Soongsil School. On the other hand,
the ¡°New Edition of Physiology Textbook¡± was first translated at the end
of Daehan Empire in order to foster more professional doctors in medical
schools compared to those schools. In this respect, by translating the ¡°New
Edition of Physiology Textbook,¡± Jejungwon can be considered as playing
a pioneering role in translating Physiology textbooks in the late Daehan
Empire.
Keywords
New Edition of Physiology Textbook(ãæøºßæ×âÎçΡßö), Hong Seokhoo,
Avison, Physiology, Jiro Tsuboi(øÀïÌóÕÍ)
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